Have Conjugations

Spine/Back/Would/Will

Spine have verbs use the following chart. Some examples of how these would be used are “I had eaten” and “She had studied”. First you conjugate “haber” or “have” in the “spine” or “preterite” tense.

Have Verbs + Spine

Haber (had)

hube	hubimos
hubiste	habisteis
hubo	hubieron

ar verb stem +ado
OR
er/ir verb stem +ido

Then you put the appropriate “a-d-o” or “i-d-o” ending on the verbs.

Although the “Spine” or “Preterite” tense is used frequently, with “have” verbs it isn’t so common. It is much more common to use “back” or “imperfect” have verbs for communicating past tense. The implied meaning is the same as the Spine or Preterite tense. Examples would be “I had eaten” and “She had studied”. Here’s how to conjugate them: First you conjugate “haber” or “have” in the “Back” or “Imperfect” tense:

Have Verbs + Back

Haber (had)

había	habíamos
habías	habíais
había	habían

Then you put the appropriate “a-d-o” or “i-d-o” ending on the verbs.

A few examples are:

She had spoken (Ella hablar)                                      Había hablado  
I had eaten (Yo comer)                                               Había comido
We had washed our hands (nosotros)                         Nos habíamos lavado las manos

Next we’ll cover “have” verbs using “would” or the “conditional” tense. Examples of this tense are: “I would have eaten” or “She would have studied”. First you conjugate “haber” or “have” in the “would” or “conditional” tense:

Have Verbs + Would

Haber (would have)

habría	habríamos
habrías	habríais
habría	habrían

ar verb stem +ado
OR
er/ir verb stem +ido

Then you put the appropriate “a-d-o” or “i-d-o” ending on the verbs.

A few examples are:

She would have spoken (Ella hablar)                          Habría hablado  
I would have eaten (Yo comer)                                  Habría comido
We would have washed our hands (nosotros)            Nos habríamos lavado las manos

Finally in this lesson we’ll cover future “have” verbs. Examples of this tense are. “I will have eaten” or “She will have studied”. First you conjugate “haber” or “have” in the “will” or “future” tense:

Have Verbs + Will

Haber (will have)

habré	habremos
habrás	habréis
habrá	habrán

ar verb stem +ado
OR
er/ir verb stem +ido

Then you put the appropriate “a-d-o” or “i-d-o” ending on the verbs.

A few examples are:

She will have spoken (Ella hablar)                              Habrá hablado  
I will have eaten (Yo comer)                                      Habré comido
We will have washed our hands (nosotros)                Nos habremos lavado las manos

Have Explanation

Now we’ve gone through all the core verb tenses in Spanish, there are a few more things we need to hit. First of all, it’s important to note that the verb “haber” or “have” can be used with every verb tense in Spanish giving you even more flexibility when speaking.

For example, you can say:

I have finished
I had finished
Having finished…
I would have finished
I will have finished
I hope he has finished (subjunctive) using the subjunctive tense
I wished he had finished (past subjunctive) using the past subjunctive tense

The rest of this lesson will gradually go through each of those conjugations.

Briefly, here’s a quick review of how the present perfect tense works. First you conjugate “haber” or “have” in its present tense form:

he	hemos
has	habéis
ha	han

Then you add…ar verb stem + ado
Or
er/ir verb stem +ido.

Then you put on the past participle form of a verb afterward which means, for “ar” verbs, you put on “-a-d-o” and for “er/ir” verbs, you put on “-i-d-o”.

A few examples are:
She has spoken (Ella hablar)                           Ha hablado  
I have eaten (Yo comer)                                 He comido
We have washed our hands (nosotros)           Nos hemos lavado las manos

Present Progressive Irregular

Let’s take a look at the irregulars:
This first group all add a “y”.

Creer becomes	Creyendo
Leer becomes	Leyendo
Ir becomes	Yendo
Destruir becomes	Destruyendo
Incluir becomes	Incluyendo
Oír becomes	Oyendo
Traer becomes	Trayendo
Caerse (a reflexive verb) becomes	Cayéndose

This next group of irregulars are stem changers and change from “o” to “u”.

Morir becomes	Muriendo
Dormir becomes	Durmiendo

This final group of irregulars are also stem changers and change from “e” to “i”.

Pedir becomes	Pidiendo
Seguir becomes	Siguiendo
Conseguir becomes	Consiguiendo
Repetir becomes	Repitiendo
Servir becomes	Sirviendo
Sentir becomes	Sintiendo
Preferir becomes	Prefiriendo
Requerir becomes	Requiriendo
Venir becomes	Viniendo
Decir becomes	Diciendo

And now a few reflexives in the same group:

Vestirse becomes	Vistiéndose
Despedirse becomes	Despidiéndose
Sentirse becomes	Sintiéndose
Divertirse becomes	Divirtiéndose

Before you go on to the practice session, there are a few new vocabulary words to go over. Here they are:

the book	el libro
sick	enfermo
The problem	El problema
The door	La puerta
The window	La ventana

Present Progressive ER/IR

Remember that “ando” and “iendo” are similar to the “ing” ending in English.

Yo estoy	Nosotros estamos	+ (ar verb)ando +(er verb)iendo
Tú estás	Vosotros estáis (Spain)
El, Ella, or Ud. está	Uds. Están

Before we move on and practice with “er/ir” dioing verbs, we need to review an important item. As we discussed briefly in the last lesson, to put on the “ing” ending you can either use a “doing verb”, with the “ando” or “iendo” ending, or “present tense”. For example, if you asked someone, “What are you looking for?”, you could either say “¿Qué buscas?” or “¿Qué estás buscando?”. Another example is the phrase, “What are you doing?”, where you can either say “¿Qué haces?” or “¿Qué estás haciendo?” In these cases, the present tense (or “¿Qué haces?”) is usually preferred by native speakers, but the progressive or doing tense “¿Qué estás haciendo?” can also be used.

Now, if want you say “What are you doing tomorrow at 3:00?”, you should not use a “doing verb”, since you aren’t doing it “right now”. Instead, you should use present tense, “¿Qué haces mañana a las tres?”

Before we go have a practice session, we need to learn a few new vocabulary words:

Gifts	regalos
a plan	un plan
you are exercising	esta hacienda ejercicio
The door	La puerta

Practice Session

Now we’ll practice a few er and ir doing verbs. Are you ready to try a few? Just remember that you can only use this tense if you are doing the action right when you are talking about it.

I am learning a lot	Estoy aprendiendo mucho
(Rosa) You are running	Estás corriendo
He is selling cars	Está vendiendo carros
She is deciding	Está decidiendo
I am living in Texas	Estoy viviendo en Texas
Julio is exercising	Julio está haciendo ejercicio
(Mr. Rodriguez) You are opening the door	Está abriendo la puerta
We are writing letters	Estamos escribiendo cartas
They are moving	Están moviendo
Are all of you returning? (starts with ‘v’)	¿Están volviendo?
She is choosing the team	Está escogiendo el equipo
He is returning the book	Está devolviendo el libro
We are making cookies	Estamos haciendo galletas.
They are receiving the gifts	Están recibiendo los regalos.
María is making the plan	María está haciendo el plan.

Video: Spanish Reflexive Verbs

Spanish Reflexive Verbs Conjugation

Moving on with reflexive conjugation, now we’ll try conjugating the Spanish verb “Bañarse” which means “to bathe (oneself)”

I bathe (myself) would be:  me baño	We bathe (ourselves) would be: nos bañamos
(Juan) you bathe (yourself) would be: te bañas	You bathe (yourselves) – if you are on a first-name basis with a group of people in Spain- would be: os bañáis
He, she or Dr. Garcia, you bathe (yourself) would be:    se baña	And finally: They or all of you bathe (yourselves) would be: se bañan

Spanish Reflexive Verbs

reflexives would be:

I bathe myself              which in Spanish would be Me baño
And
I wash myself              which in Spanish would be Me lavo

Let’s see how we conjugate a complete reflexive verb. We’ll use the verb “to wash” or “lavarse”.

I wash myself would be: me lavo	We wash ourselves would be: nos lavamos
María you wash yourself would be: te lavas	With “vosotros” used only in Spain “You wash yourselves” would be: os laváis
He, she, or you (formal) wash yourself would be: se lava	And finally, they or all of you wash yourselves would be:   se lavan

Preterite Irregular Verbs

Now we’ll learn some irregular “er/ir” verbs that have stem changes. Remember that the stem is the core part of the verb. The endings are still the same with these irregulars. Do you remember the “er/ir” spine endings? Let’s review them briefly here:

í	imos
iste	isteis
ió	ieron

Let’s take a look and see how the stems change on these verbs. The first verb is “pedir”:

(Yo)	pedí	(Nosotros)	pedimos
(Tú)	pediste	(Vosotros)	pedisteis
(El, Ella, Ud.)	pidió	(Ellos, Ellas, Uds)	pidieron

Notice that only the bottom two are irregular and have stem changes. The “e” changes to “i". Now we’ll go over the rest of the irregular verbs of this type:
Seguir (to continue or to follow)

(Yo)	seguí	(Nosotros)	seguimos
(Tú)	seguiste	(Vosotros-Spain)	seguisteis
(El, Ella, Ud.)	sigió	(Ellos, Ellas, Uds)	siguieron

Again, notice that the bottom row is irregular. As we go through the next few verbs, continue to take note of how the bottom row of each verb conjugation is irregular. Try to memorize how they’re different. Also, especially notice how they’re pronounced so you can start tuning your ear and memory to how they sound.

Now, we’ll look at the verb conseguir (to attain or to get)

(Yo)	conseguí	(Nosotros)	conseguimos
(Tú)	conseguiste	(Vosotros-Spain)	conseguisteis
(El, Ella, Ud.)	consigió	(Ellos, Ellas, Uds)	consiguieron

Next is the verb repetir (to repeat)

(Yo)	repetí	(Nosotros)	repetimos
(Tú)	repetiste	(Vosotros-Spain)	repetiseis
(El, Ella, Ud.)	repitió	(Ellos, Ellas, Uds)	repitieron

Now the verb servir (to serve)

(Yo)	serví	(Nosotros)	servimos
(Tú)	serviste	(Vosotros-Spain)	servisteis
(El, Ella, Ud.)	sirvió	(Ellos, Ellas, Uds)	sirvieron

Continuing is the verb preferir (to prefer)

(Yo)	preferí	(Nosotros)	preferimos
(Tú)	preferiste	(Vosotros -Spain)	preferisteis
(El, Ella, Ud.)	prefirió	(Ellos, Ellas, Uds)	prefirieron

Next is the verb requerir (to require)

(Yo)	requerí	(Nosotros)	requerimos
(Tú)	requeriste	(Vosotros - Spain)	requeristeis
(El, Ella, Ud.)	requirió	(Ellos, Ellas, Uds)	requirieron

Now the verb sentir (to be sorry or to feel)

(Yo)	sentí	(Nosotros)	sentimos
(Tú)	sentiste	(Vosotros-Spain)	sentisteis
(El, Ella, Ud.)	sintió	(Ellos, Ellas, Uds)	sintieron

The next three verbs add a “y” to the irregular bottom line. 
The first one is destruir. (to destroy)

(Yo)	destruí	(Nosotros)	destruimos
(Tú)	destruiste	(Vosotros-Spain)	destruiste
(El, Ella, Ud.)	destruyó	(Ellos, Ellas, Uds)	destruyeron

The next one to add a “y” is incluir (to include)

(Yo)	incuí	(Nosotros)	incluimos
(Tú)	incluiste	(Vosotros-Spain)	incluisteis
(El, Ella, Ud.)	incluyó	(Ellos, Ellas, Uds)	incluyeron

The final one that adds a “y” is oír (to hear)

(Yo)	oí	(Nosotros)	oímos
(Tú)	oíste	(Vosotros-Spain)	oísteis
(El, Ella, Ud.)	oyó	(Ellos, Ellas, Uds)	oyeron

This final set changes from “o” to “u” on the bottom row.

First is the verb “morir” (to die)

(Yo)	morí	(Nosotros)	morimos
(Tú)	moriste	(Vosotros - Spain)	moristeis
(El, Ella, Ud.)	murió	(Ellos, Ellas, Uds)	murieron

And finally, the verb dormir (to sleep)

(Yo)	dormí	(Nosotros)	dormimos
(Tú)	dormiste	(Vosotros-Spain)	dormisteis
(El, Ella, Ud.)	durmió	(Ellos, Ellas, Uds)	durmieron

Now that you’ve had a chance to see all of these irregular verbs and how they work, we’ll learn a few new words, then go to our practice session. However, as I mentioned before, I do recommend reviewing this lesson more than once to help tune your ear to how these verbs sound.

Are you ready for the new words:
A book                       un libro 
young                          joven 
el bistec                      the steak

 Practice Session

Here we’ll practice the irregular verbs you learned in the previous lesson. Remember, these verbs are stem changers. Here we go.

I asked for three.	Pedí tres.
(Juana) You followed him.	Lo seguiste.
He got a book.	Consigió un libro.
She repeated it.	Lo repitió.
(Sra. Mendoza) You served them (ellos).	Los sirvió.
We didn’t destroy it.	No lo destruimos.
They didn’t include him.	No lo incluyeron.
All of you heard her.	La oyeron.
I felt sad.	Sentí triste.
(Pepe) You preferred it. Didn’t you?	Lo preferiste ¿No?
He required a lot.	Requirió mucho.
She died very young.	Murió muy joven.
(Sr. Mendes) You slept. Didn’t you?	Durmió ¿No?
(Marta) You got it (la hamburguesa).	La conseguiste.
He asked for it (el lápiz).	Lo pidió.
She followed me.	Me sigió.
We repeated it.	Lo repetimos.
I served them (ellas).	Las serví.
All of you destroyed it. Didn’t you?	Lo destruyeron. ¿No?
I included her in the game.	La incluí en el juego.
(Rodrigo) You didn’t hear it. Did you?	No lo oíste. ¿No?
He felt happy.	Sintió feliz.
She preferred the steak.	Prefirió el bistec.
We required it.	Lo requerimos.
I didn’t die.	No morí.
(Juana) Did you sleep well?	¿Dormiste bien?

Preterite ER/IR verbs

Now let’s learn how to conjugate “er/ir” spine or preterite verbs. The endings are exactly the same for both “er” as well as “ir” verbs.

We’ll use the verb “comer” as an example”.

I ate would be	(Yo) comí		We ate would be	(Nosotros) comimos  As you can see, for Nosotros, the ending for “er” and “ir” verbs is the same – “imos”. However, it’s important to note that the “er” verb ending changes from present to past, for example, “we eat” would be “nosotros comemos” and “we ate” in the past would be “nosotros comimos”. On the other hand, the “ir” verb endings are the same in the present and the past. The only way to tell the difference is by the context. For example, “salimos ayer” would be “we left yesterday”. And “Siempre salimos temprano” would be “We always leave early”.
Juan or María, You ate would be	(Tú) comiste		(tú plural – used only in Spain) would be	(Vosotros) comisteis
He ate would be She ate would be You ate would be	(El) comió  (Ella) comió  (Ud.) comió		They ate would be They (women) ate would be All of you ate would be	(Ellos) comieron  (Ellas) comieron  (Uds.) comieron

Now take a look at the endings one more time.

í	imos
iste	isteis
ió	ieron

Even though the endings for “ir” verbs are the same as “er” verbs, we’ll still take a look at an “ir” verb to give you an example: We’ll use the verb “vivir”.

Yo viví	Nosotros vivimos
Tú viviste	Vosotros vivisteis
El, Ella, or Ud. vivió	Ellos, ellas, or Uds. vivieron

Now we’ll practice the “er” “ir” endings with a few different verbs. Are you ready?

I promised	(Yo) prometí
You sold – using “tú”	(Tú) vendiste
He ran	(Él) corrió
She decided	(Ella) decidió
You lived – using “usted”	(Ud.) vivió
We opened	(Nosotros) abrimos
They learned	(Ellos) aprendieron
All of you wrote	(Uds.) escribieron

Now that you’ve learned the “er/ir” verb endings, you need to know that there is a lone “ar” verb that didn’t like his friends in the “ar” group and has chosen to use the “er/ir” endings for past tense. It is the verb “dar” which means “to give”. Take a look at the spine, or preterite, endings for “dar”.

I gave is	dí		We gave is	dimos
You gave, with “tú” is	diste		All of you gave (using vosotros in Spain) is	disteis
He, she, or you gave (using Ud.) is	dio		They or all of you gave is	dieron

Before we start practicing, let’s learn a few new Spanish expressions. Are you ready?

For three days – Por tres días
For five years - Por cinco años 
For ten months - Por diez meses 
For fifteen minutes - Por quince minutos
For eight hours - Por ocho horas 
Three days ago - Hace tres días  
Four weeks ago – Hace cuatro meses 
Ten months ago - Hace diez meses 
Five years ago - Hace cinco años 
Fifteen minutes ago - Hace quince minutos 
Eight hours ago - Hace ocho horas.  

 Practice Session 

Now, let’s go ahead and practice the “er/ir” spine verb endings. Here we go.

I drank it (starts with ‘b’)	Lo bebí
(Marta) Did you eat it?	¿Lo comiste?
He learned it	Lo aprendió
She promised	Prometió
(Sra. Benites) You didn’t see it (el edificio)	No lo vio
We sold it 3 days ago	Lo vendimos hace tres días
They surprised us six days ago	Nos sorprendieron hace seis días
All of you attended for four months	Asistieron por cuatro meses
I didn’t understand (starts with ‘c’)	No comprendí
She gave it to Juan	Lo dio a Juan
(Martín) You decided three years ago	Decidiste hace tres años
He lived there for two years	Vivió por dos años
She opened it (la puerta) five minutes ago	La abrió hace cinco minutos
(Sr. Mendes) You received it three weeks ago	Lo recibió hace tres semanas
We wrote it (la carta) two days ago	La escribimos hace dos días
I gave it to María	Lo di a María
They lost it (la llave) two months ago	La perdieron hace dos meses
I didn’t understand it (starts with ‘e’)	No lo entendí
It rained for three weeks	Llovió por tres semanas
(Marta) You chose them two years ago	Los escogiste hace dos años
He left one month  ago	Salió hace un mes